Accessibility constraints in structural optimization via distance functions

This paper is concerned with a geometric constraint, the so-called accessibility for shape and topology optimization of structures built by additive manufacturing. The motivation comes from use sacrificial supports to maintain structure, submitted intense thermal residual stresses during its building process. Once stage finished, are no longer useful should be removed. However, such removal can very difficult or even impossible if hidden deep inside complex geometry structure. A rule thumb evaluating ease support ask that contact zone between structure accessed exterior straight line which does not cross another part It mimicks possibility cut head attached some cutting tool. present work gives new mathematical way evaluate an based on distance functions, solutions eikonal equations. main advantage computing derivatives criterion respect both support. We numerically demonstrate in 2D 3D that, context level-set method optimization, approach allows us optimize simultaneously mechanical performance supports, guaranteeing manufacturability.